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Scientific evidence for CBD¡¯s medical effects

Perhaps the most remarkable thing about CBD is the sheer number and variety of its potential therapeutic applications. It is important to recognize that each application may be supported by different levels of evidence. These range from ongoing clinical trials evaluating its efficacy in the treatment of human disorders, to animal studies investigating its behavioral and physiological effects, to in vitro work (test tube experiments) measuring its pharmacological interactions and mechanisms of action. Each type of study comes with its own strengths and weaknesses.

Clinical trials allow us to draw conclusions about the safety and effectiveness of potential therapeutic agents in humans, while animal studies and in vitro experiments allow researchers to explore their biological actions in greater detail. However, because the latter class of studies are not conducted in humans, the results don¡¯t always lead to the clinical application that we hope for—the majority of drugs that start in human clinical trials never become approved. Nonetheless, animal studies provide us with a strong foundation of biological knowledge, and are where the initial breakthroughs in research are made.

*Why does CBD have so many potential therapeutic benefits?

CBD is famous for the promise it holds for treating treatment-resistant forms of childhood epilepsy. A number of clinical trials, testing the efficacy of CBD in human epilepsy patients, are currently underway. But there is also evidence, mainly from animal studies and in vitro experiments, that CBD may have neuroprotective, anti-inflammatory and analgesic (pain-relieving) properties, and potential therapeutic value in the treatment of motivational disorders like depression, anxiety, and addiction.

What¡¯s the biological basis for this wide range of potential medical uses? A key part of the answer lies in CBD¡¯s promiscuous pharmacology—its ability to influence a wide range of receptor systems in the brain and body, including not only cannabinoid receptors but a host of others.
Receptor systems in the brain

The brain contains large numbers of highly specialized cells called neurons. Each neuron connects to many others through structures called synapses. These are sites where one neuron communicates to another by releasing chemical messengers known as neurotransmitters (Figure 1).

A neuron¡¯s sensitivity to a specific neurotransmitter depends on whether or not it contains a receptor that ¡°fits¡± that transmitter, like an electrical socket fits a plug. If a neuron contains receptors that match a particular neurotransmitter, then it can respond directly to that transmitter. Otherwise, it generally can¡¯t. All neurons contain multiple neurotransmitter receptors, allowing them to respond to some neurotransmitters but not others.

CBDÀÇ ÀÇÇÐÀû È¿°ú¿¡ ´ëÇÑ °úÇÐÀû Áõ°Å

¾Æ¸¶µµ CBDÀÇ °¡Àå ³î¶ó¿î Á¡Àº ÀáÀçÀûÀÎ Ä¡·á ÀÀ¿ë ÇÁ·Î±×·¥ÀÇ ¼ö¿Í ´Ù¾ç¼ºÀÏ °ÍÀÔ´Ï´Ù. °¢ ÀÀ¿ë ÇÁ·Î±×·¥Àº ¼­·Î ´Ù¸¥ ¼öÁØÀÇ Áõ°Å¿¡ ÀÇÇØ µÞ¹ÞħµÉ ¼ö ÀÖÀ½À» ÀνÄÇÏ´Â °ÍÀÌ Áß¿äÇÕ´Ï´Ù. ¿©±â¿¡´Â Àΰ£ Àå¾ÖÀÇ Ä¡·á¿¡ ´ëÇÑ È¿´ÉÀ» Æò°¡ÇÏ´Â ÁøÇà ÁßÀÎ ÀÓ»ó ½ÃÇè¿¡¼­ Çൿ ¹× »ý¸®ÇÐÀû È¿°ú¸¦ Á¶»çÇÏ´Â µ¿¹° ¿¬±¸, ¾à¸®ÇÐÀû »óÈ£ ÀÛ¿ë ¹× ÀÛ¿ë ±âÀüÀ» ÃøÁ¤ÇÏ´Â ½ÃÇè°ü ³» ÀÛ¾÷(½ÃÇè°ü ½ÇÇè)¿¡ À̸£±â±îÁö ´Ù¾çÇÕ´Ï´Ù. °¢ À¯ÇüÀÇ ¿¬±¸¿¡´Â °íÀ¯ÇÑ °­Á¡°ú ¾àÁ¡ÀÌ ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù.

ÀÓ»ó ½ÃÇèÀ» ÅëÇØ Àΰ£¿¡ ´ëÇÑ ÀáÀçÀû Ä¡·áÁ¦ÀÇ ¾ÈÀü¼º°ú È¿°ú¿¡ ´ëÇÑ °á·ÐÀ» µµÃâÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖÀ¸¸ç, µ¿¹° ¿¬±¸ ¹× ½ÃÇè°ü ³» ½ÇÇèÀ» ÅëÇØ ¿¬±¸ÀÚ´Â »ý¹°ÇÐÀû ÀÛ¿ëÀ» º¸´Ù ÀÚ¼¼È÷ Ž±¸ÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù. ±×·¯³ª ÈÄÀÚÀÇ ¿¬±¸´Â Àΰ£¿¡¼­ ¼öÇàµÇÁö ¾Ê±â ¶§¹®¿¡ °á°ú°¡ Ç×»ó ¿ì¸®°¡ ¿øÇÏ´Â ÀÓ»ó Àû¿ëÀ¸·Î À̾îÁöÁö´Â ¾Ê½À´Ï´Ù. Àΰ£ ÀÓ»ó ½ÃÇè¿¡¼­ ½ÃÀÛÇÏ´Â ´ëºÎºÐÀÇ ¾à¹°Àº ½ÂÀεÇÁö ¾Ê½À´Ï´Ù. ±×·³¿¡µµ ºÒ±¸ÇÏ°í µ¿¹° ¿¬±¸´Â »ý¹°ÇÐÀû Áö½ÄÀÇ °­·ÂÇÑ ±â¹ÝÀ» Á¦°øÇÏ¸ç ¿¬±¸ÀÇ Ãʱ⠵¹Æı¸°¡ ¸¸µé¾îÁö´Â °÷ÀÔ´Ï´Ù.

*CBD°¡ ÀáÀçÀûÀÎ Ä¡·á ÀÌÁ¡ÀÌ ¸¹Àº ÀÌÀ¯´Â ¹«¾ùÀԴϱî?

CBD´Â Ä¡·á ÀúÇ×¼º ÇüÅÂÀÇ
¼Ò¾Æ °£Áú Ä¡·á¿¡ ´ëÇÑ ¾à¼ÓÀ¸·Î À¯¸íÇÕ´Ï´Ù. Àΰ£ °£Áú ȯÀÚ¿¡¼­ CBDÀÇ È¿´ÉÀ» Å×½ºÆ®ÇÏ´Â ´Ù¼öÀÇ ÀÓ»ó ½ÃÇèÀÌ ÇöÀç ÁøÇà ÁßÀÔ´Ï´Ù. ±×·¯³ª ÁÖ·Î µ¿¹° ¿¬±¸¿Í ½ÃÇè°ü ³» ½ÇÇè¿¡¼­ CBD°¡ ¿ì¿ïÁõ, ºÒ¾È ¹× Áßµ¶°ú °°Àº µ¿±â ºÎ¿© Àå¾ÖÀÇ Ä¡·á¿¡¼­ ½Å°æ º¸È£, Ç׿° ¹× ÁøÅë(ÁøÅë) Ư¼º°ú ÀáÀçÀûÀÎ Ä¡·á °¡Ä¡¸¦ °¡Áú ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù´Â Áõ°Åµµ ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù. .

ÀÌ ±¤¹üÀ§ÇÑ ÀáÀçÀû ÀÇÇÐÀû ¿ëµµ¿¡ ´ëÇÑ »ý¹°ÇÐÀû ±Ù°Å´Â ¹«¾ùÀԴϱî? ÇØ´äÀÇ ÇÙ½É ºÎºÐÀº CBDÀÇ ³­ÀâÇÑ ¾à¸®Çп¡ ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù. CBD´Â Ä­³ªºñ³ëÀÌµå ¼ö¿ëü»Ó¸¸ ¾Æ´Ï¶ó ´Ù¸¥ ¸¹Àº ¼ö¿ëü¸¦ Æ÷ÇÔÇÏ¿© ³ú¿Í ½ÅüÀÇ ±¤¹üÀ§ÇÑ ¼ö¿ëü ½Ã½ºÅÛ¿¡ ¿µÇâÀ» ¹ÌÄ¡´Â ´É·ÂÀÔ´Ï´Ù.
³úÀÇ ¼ö¿ëü ½Ã½ºÅÛ

³ú¿¡´Â ´º·±À̶ó°í ÇÏ´Â °íµµ·Î Àü¹®È­µÈ ¼¼Æ÷°¡ ¸¹ÀÌ ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù. °¢ ´º·±Àº ½Ã³À½º¶ó´Â ±¸Á¶¸¦ ÅëÇØ ´Ù¸¥ ¸¹Àº ´º·±°ú ¿¬°áµË´Ï´Ù. À̵éÀº ½Å°æ Àü´Þ ¹°Áú·Î ¾Ë·ÁÁø È­ÇÐÀû ¸Þ½ÅÀú¸¦ ¹æÃâÇÏ¿© ÇÑ ´º·±ÀÌ ´Ù¸¥ ´º·±°ú Åë½ÅÇÏ´Â ºÎÀ§ÀÔ´Ï´Ù(±×¸² 1).

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½Å°æ Àü´Þ ¹°Áú¿¡ ´ëÇÑ ´º·±ÀÇ ¹Î°¨µµ´Â Àü±â ¼ÒÄÏÀÌ Ç÷¯±×¿¡ ¸Â´Â °Íó·³ Àü´ÞÀÚ¿¡ "¸Â´Â" ¼ö¿ëü°¡ Æ÷ÇԵǾî ÀÖ´ÂÁö ¿©ºÎ¿¡ µû¶ó ´Ù¸¨´Ï´Ù. ´º·±¿¡ ƯÁ¤ ½Å°æ Àü´Þ ¹°Áú°ú ÀÏÄ¡ÇÏ´Â ¼ö¿ëü°¡ Æ÷ÇԵǾî ÀÖÀ¸¸é ÇØ´ç Àü´ÞÀÚ¿¡ Á÷Á¢ ¹ÝÀÀÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù. ±×·¸Áö ¾ÊÀ¸¸é ÀϹÝÀûÀ¸·Î ÇÒ ¼ö ¾ø½À´Ï´Ù. ¸ðµç ´º·±¿¡´Â ¿©·¯ °³ÀÇ ½Å°æÀü´Þ¹°Áú ¼ö¿ëü°¡ ÀÖ¾î ÀϺΠ½Å°æÀü´Þ¹°Áú¿¡´Â ¹ÝÀÀÇÏÁö¸¸ ´Ù¸¥ ½Å°æÀü´Þ¹°Áú¿¡´Â ¹ÝÀÀÇÏÁö ¾Ê½À´Ï´Ù.

Figure 1. Neurons Communicate Using Neurotransmitters
Right: The brain contains a huge a number of brain cells (neurons). Each neuron, represented here as a hexagon, is connected to many others. Left: The synapse is the site where two neurons communicate with each other. The ¡°sender neuron¡± releases chemical signals called neurotransmitters, which stimulate receptors on the ¡°receiver neuron.¡± There are many different receptor types in the brain, each one sensitive to different neurotransmitters.

Brain receptors are not only sensitive to neurotransmitters produced naturally within the brain, like dopamine or serotonin, but also chemical messengers produced outside the body, such as plant cannabinoids like THC or CBD. So when you ingest an edible or inhale some vapor, you¡¯re allowing compounds originally produced by a plant to enter your body, travel through your bloodstream, and enter your brain. Once they arrive, these plant-derived compounds can influence brain activity by interacting with receptors on neurons. But they don¡¯t interact with all neurons, just the ones that have the appropriate receptors.
CBD has effects on many different receptor systems

Although it is a cannabinoid, CBD does not directly interact with the two classical cannabinoid receptors (CB1 and CB2). Instead, it affects signaling through CB1 and CB2 receptors indirectly. This partly explains why, in contrast to THC, CBD is non-intoxicating. In addition to its indirect influence on the CB1 and CB2 receptors, CBD can increase levels of the body¡¯s own naturally-produced cannabinoids (known as endocannabinoids) by inhibiting the enzymes that break them down.

Even more intriguing: CBD also influences many non-cannabinoid receptor systems in the brain, interacting with receptors sensitive to a variety of drugs and neurotransmitters (Figure 2). These include opioid receptors, known for their role in pain regulation. Opioid receptors are the key targets of pharmaceutical pain killers and drugs of abuse such as morphine, heroin, and fentanyl. CBD can also interact with dopamine receptors, which play a crucial role in regulating many aspects of behavior and cognition, including motivation and reward-seeking behavior.

This raises the intriguing possibility that CBD¡¯s ability to influence either opioid or dopamine receptors may underlie its ability to dampen drug cravings and withdrawal symptoms, effects directly relevant to the treatment of addiction. However, we can¡¯t say for sure at this point; more research on CBD¡¯s interactions with the opioid and dopamine receptor systems is still needed.

CBD¡¯s therapeutic potential with respect to addiction also extends to the serotonin system. Animal studies have demonstrated that CBD directly activates multiple serotonin receptors in the brain. These interactions have been implicated in its ability to reduce drug-seeking behavior. CBD¡¯s influence on the serotonin system may also account in part for its anti-anxiety properties, which have been robustly demonstrated across both human and animal studies.

±×¸² 1. ½Å°æ Àü´Þ ¹°ÁúÀ» »ç¿ëÇÏ¿© Åë½ÅÇÏ´Â ´º·±
¿À¸¥ÂÊ: ³ú¿¡´Â ¾öû³­ ¼öÀÇ ³ú ¼¼Æ÷(´º·±)°¡ ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù. ¿©±â¿¡¼­ À°°¢ÇüÀ¸·Î Ç¥½ÃµÈ °¢ ´º·±Àº ´Ù¸¥ ¸¹Àº ´º·±°ú ¿¬°áµÇ¾î ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù. ¿ÞÂÊ: ½Ã³À½º´Â µÎ °³ÀÇ ´º·±ÀÌ ¼­·Î Åë½ÅÇÏ´Â ºÎÀ§ÀÔ´Ï´Ù. "¹ß½ÅÀÚ ´º·±"Àº "¼ö½ÅÀÚ ´º·±"ÀÇ ¼ö¿ëü¸¦ ÀÚ±ØÇÏ´Â ½Å°æÀü´Þ¹°ÁúÀ̶ó´Â È­ÇÐ ½ÅÈ£¸¦ ¹æÃâÇÕ´Ï´Ù. ³ú¿¡´Â ´Ù¾çÇÑ ¼ö¿ëü À¯ÇüÀÌ ÀÖÀ¸¸ç °¢°¢Àº ´Ù¸¥ ½Å°æ Àü´Þ ¹°Áú¿¡ ¹Î°¨ÇÕ´Ï´Ù.

³ú ¼ö¿ëü´Â µµÆĹÎÀ̳ª ¼¼·ÎÅä´Ñ°ú °°ÀÌ ³ú¿¡¼­ ÀÚ¿¬ÀûÀ¸·Î »ý¼ºµÇ´Â ½Å°æ Àü´Þ ¹°Áú»Ó¸¸ ¾Æ´Ï¶ó THC ¶Ç´Â CBD¿Í °°Àº ½Ä¹° Ä­³ªºñ³ëÀ̵å¿Í °°ÀÌ ½Åü ¿ÜºÎ¿¡¼­ »ý¼ºµÇ´Â È­ÇÐÀû Àü´Þ ¹°Áú¿¡µµ ¹Î°¨ÇÕ´Ï´Ù. µû¶ó¼­ ½Ä¿ëÀ» ¼·ÃëÇϰųª Áõ±â¸¦ ÈíÀÔÇÏ¸é ¿ø·¡ ½Ä¹°¿¡¼­ »ý¼ºµÈ È­ÇÕ¹°ÀÌ ¸ö¿¡ µé¾î°¡ Ç÷·ù¸¦ ÅëÇØ À̵¿ÇÏ°í ³ú·Î µé¾î°¥ ¼ö ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù. ÀÏ´Ü µµÂøÇϸé ÀÌ·¯ÇÑ ½Ä¹° À¯·¡ È­ÇÕ¹°Àº ´º·±ÀÇ ¼ö¿ëü¿Í »óÈ£ÀÛ¿ëÇÏ¿© ³ú È°µ¿¿¡ ¿µÇâÀ» ÁÙ ¼ö ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù. ±×·¯³ª ±×°ÍµéÀº ¸ðµç ´º·±°ú »óÈ£ÀÛ¿ëÇÏ´Â °ÍÀÌ ¾Æ´Ï¶ó ÀûÀýÇÑ ¼ö¿ëü°¡ ÀÖ´Â ´º·±°ú¸¸ »óÈ£ÀÛ¿ëÇÕ´Ï´Ù.
CBD´Â ´Ù¾çÇÑ ¼ö¿ëü ½Ã½ºÅÛ¿¡ ¿µÇâÀ» ¹ÌĨ´Ï´Ù

CBD´Â Ä­³ªºñ³ëÀ̵åÀÌÁö¸¸ µÎ °¡Áö °íÀüÀûÀÎ Ä­³ªºñ³ëÀÌµå ¼ö¿ëü(CB1 ¹× CB2)¿Í Á÷Á¢ »óÈ£ÀÛ¿ëÇÏÁö ¾Ê½À´Ï´Ù. ´ë½Å CB1 ¹× CB2 ¼ö¿ëü¸¦ ÅëÇÑ ½ÅÈ£Àü´Þ¿¡ °£Á¢ÀûÀ¸·Î ¿µÇâÀ» ¹ÌĨ´Ï´Ù. ÀÌ°ÍÀº THC¿Í ´Þ¸® CBD°¡ ÃëÇÏÁö ¾Ê´Â ÀÌÀ¯¸¦ ºÎºÐÀûÀ¸·Î ¼³¸íÇÕ´Ï´Ù. CB1 ¹× CB2 ¼ö¿ëü¿¡ ´ëÇÑ °£Á¢ÀûÀÎ ¿µÇâ ¿Ü¿¡µµ CBD´Â À̸¦ ºÐÇØÇÏ´Â È¿¼Ò¸¦ ¾ïÁ¦ÇÏ¿© ½Åü¿¡¼­ ÀÚ¿¬ÀûÀ¸·Î »ý¼ºµÇ´Â Ä­³ªºñ³ëÀ̵å(¿£µµÄ«³ªºñ³ëÀ̵å·Î ¾Ë·ÁÁü)ÀÇ ¼öÁØÀ» Áõ°¡½Ãų ¼ö ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù.

ÈξÀ ´õ Èï¹Ì·Î¿î »ç½Ç: CBD´Â ¶ÇÇÑ ´Ù¾çÇÑ ¾à¹° ¹× ½Å°æ Àü´Þ ¹°Áú¿¡ ¹Î°¨ÇÑ ¼ö¿ëü¿Í »óÈ£ ÀÛ¿ëÇÏ¿© ³úÀÇ ¸¹Àº ºñÄ­³ªºñ³ëÀÌµå ¼ö¿ëü ½Ã½ºÅÛ¿¡ ¿µÇâÀ» ¹ÌĨ´Ï´Ù(±×¸² 2). ¿©±â¿¡´Â ÅëÁõ Á¶Àý¿¡¼­ ¿ªÇÒÀ» ÇÏ´Â °ÍÀ¸·Î ¾Ë·ÁÁø ¿ÀÇÇ¿ÀÀÌµå ¼ö¿ëü°¡ Æ÷ÇԵ˴ϴÙ. ¾ÆÆíÀ¯»çÁ¦ ¼ö¿ëü´Â ¸ð¸£ÇÉ, Çì·ÎÀÎ, Æ柴Ұú °°Àº ³²¿ë ¾à¹° ¹× Á¦¾à ÁøÅëÁ¦ÀÇ ÁÖ¿ä Ç¥ÀûÀÔ´Ï´Ù. CBD´Â ¶ÇÇÑ µ¿±â ºÎ¿© ¹× º¸»ó Ãß±¸ ÇൿÀ» Æ÷ÇÔÇÏ¿© Çൿ ¹× ÀÎÁöÀÇ ¸¹Àº Ãø¸éÀ» Á¶ÀýÇÏ´Â µ¥ Áß¿äÇÑ ¿ªÇÒÀ» ÇÏ´Â µµÆĹΠ¼ö¿ëü¿Í »óÈ£ ÀÛ¿ëÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù.

ÀÌ°ÍÀº ¿ÀÇÇ¿ÀÀÌµå ¶Ç´Â µµÆĹΠ¼ö¿ëü¿¡ ¿µÇâÀ» ¹ÌÄ¡´Â CBDÀÇ ´É·ÂÀÌ Áßµ¶ Ä¡·á¿Í Á÷Á¢ÀûÀ¸·Î °ü·ÃµÈ È¿°úÀÎ ¾à¹° °¥¸Á ¹× ±Ý´Ü Áõ»óÀ» ¿ÏÈ­½ÃÅ°´Â ´É·ÂÀÇ ±âÃÊ°¡ µÉ ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù´Â Èï¹Ì·Î¿î °¡´É¼ºÀ» ³ôÀÔ´Ï´Ù. ±×·¯³ª ÀÌ ½ÃÁ¡¿¡¼­ È®½ÇÈ÷ ¸»ÇÒ ¼ö´Â ¾ø½À´Ï´Ù. ¿ÀÇÇ¿ÀÀÌµå ¹× µµÆĹΠ¼ö¿ëü ½Ã½ºÅÛ°ú CBDÀÇ »óÈ£ ÀÛ¿ë¿¡ ´ëÇÑ ´õ ¸¹Àº ¿¬±¸°¡ ¿©ÀüÈ÷ ÇÊ¿äÇÕ´Ï´Ù.

Áßµ¶¿¡ ´ëÇÑ CBDÀÇ Ä¡·á ÀáÀç·ÂÀº ¼¼·ÎÅä´Ñ ½Ã½ºÅÛ¿¡µµ Àû¿ëµË´Ï´Ù. µ¿¹° ¿¬±¸¿¡ µû¸£¸é CBD´Â ³úÀÇ ¿©·¯ ¼¼·ÎÅä´Ñ ¼ö¿ëü¸¦ Á÷Á¢ È°¼ºÈ­ÇÕ´Ï´Ù. ÀÌ·¯ÇÑ »óÈ£ ÀÛ¿ëÀº ¾à¹° Ãß±¸ ÇൿÀ» ÁÙÀÌ´Â ´É·Â°ú °ü·ÃÀÌ ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù. ¼¼·ÎÅä´Ñ ½Ã½ºÅÛ¿¡ ´ëÇÑ CBDÀÇ ¿µÇâÀº ºÎºÐÀûÀ¸·Î Àΰ£ ¹× µ¿¹° ¿¬±¸¿¡¼­ °­·ÂÇÏ°Ô ÀÔÁõµÈ Ç×ºÒ¾È Æ¯¼ºÀ» ¼³¸íÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù.

Related : The Effects of CBD on Fear, Anxiety, and a Healthy Stress Response

CBD and the serotonin system: exciting possibilities

CBD¡¯s ability to target a specific serotonin receptor, the serotonin 1A receptor, is associated with a remarkable range of therapeutic possibilities. Professor Roger Pertwee, an English pharmacologist renowned for his research on cannabinoids, spoke with Leafly about this aspect of CBD biology.

¡°It¡¯s apparent ability to enhance the activation of serotonin 1A receptors supports the possibility that it could be used to ameliorate disorders that include: opioid dependence, neuropathic pain, depression and anxiety disorders, nausea and vomiting (e.g. from chemotherapy), and negative symptoms of schizophrenia,¡± he said. ¡°One big unanswered question is what the human clinical relevance and importance of each of these potential therapeutic uses of CBD, identified solely by examining data from non-human preclinical research, actually is.¡±

Given that these possibilities come mainly from animal studies, more research will be needed before we can think seriously about human applications.
How CBD affects receptor systems in the brain

Figure 2. Receptor Systems Involved in CBD¡¯s Potential Therapeutic Applications. CBD interacts, either directly or indirectly, with many different receptor systems in the brain. It indirectly influences the major cannabinoid receptor in the brain by decreasing THC¡¯s ability to stimulate this receptor. It also interacts with a variety of other receptors. A subset of these are shown here. Each red shape represents a different brain receptor that might be found on a neuron. Some of the potential therapeutic applications associated with CBD¡¯s interaction with each receptor system are listed below each receptor.

CBD: Psychiatric utility from complex pharmacology?

Understanding CBD¡¯s neurological effects is a complicated business, because of the wide variety of receptors with which it interacts. But that complexity may be the key to its promise as a therapeutic agent. Motivational disorders like addiction and anxiety are themselves highly complex; they arise from incompletely understood causes that span multiple receptor systems and neural networks in the brain. CBD¡¯s complex, multi-target effects may therefore be crucial to its potential for aiding the treatment of such disorders. Over the coming years, researchers will continue to further understand this complexity and uncover the full scope of CBD¡¯s therapeutic potential.
References
Blessing EM, Steenkamp MM, Manzanares J, Marmar CR. Cannabidiol as a Potential Treatment for Anxiety Disorders. Neurotherapeutics. 2015;12(4):825-36. [PDF]
Mechoulam R, Parker LA. The Endocannabinoid System and the Brain. Annu Rev Psychology. 2013;64:21-47. [PDF]
Morgan CJ, Schafer G, Freeman TP, Curran HV. Impact of cannabidiol on the acute memory and psychotomimetic effects of smoked cannabis: naturalistic study: naturalistic study. Br J Psychiatry. 2010;197(4):285-90. [PDF]
Parsons LH, Hurd YL. Endocannabinoid signalling in reward and addiction. Nat Rev Neurosci. 2015;16(10):579-94. PDF
Zlebnik NE, Cheer JF. Beyond the CB1 Receptor: Is Cannabidiol the Answer for Disorders of Motivation?. Annu Rev Neurosci. 2016;39:1-17. PDF

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CBD¿Í ¼¼·ÎÅä´Ñ ½Ã½ºÅÛ: Èï¹Ì·Î¿î °¡´É¼º

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"¼¼·ÎÅä´Ñ 1A ¼ö¿ëüÀÇ È°¼ºÈ­¸¦ Çâ»ó½ÃÅ°´Â ¸í¹éÇÑ ´É·ÂÀº ¿ÀÇÇ¿ÀÀ̵å ÀÇÁ¸, ½Å°æº´Áõ¼º ÅëÁõ, ¿ì¿ïÁõ ¹× ºÒ¾È Àå¾Ö, ¸Þ½º²¨¿ò ¹× ±¸Åä(¿¹: È­ÇÐ ¿ä¹ýÀ¸·Î ÀÎÇÑ), Á¤½ÅºÐ¿­Áõ"À̶ó°í ¸»Çß´Ù. "´äÀÌ ¾ø´Â ÇÑ °¡Áö Å« Áú¹®Àº ºñÀΰ£ ÀüÀÓ»ó ¿¬±¸ÀÇ µ¥ÀÌÅ͸¦ Á¶»çÇÔÀ¸·Î½á¸¸ È®ÀÎµÈ CBDÀÇ ÀáÀçÀûÀÎ Ä¡·á ¿ëµµ °¢°¢ÀÇ Àΰ£ ÀÓ»ó °ü·Ã¼º°ú Á߿伺ÀÌ ½ÇÁ¦·Î ¹«¾ùÀÎÁöÀÔ´Ï´Ù."

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Mechoulam R, Parker LA. Endocannabinoid ½Ã½ºÅÛ°ú ³ú. ¾È´© ·¹ºê ½É¸®ÇÐ. 2013;64:21-47. [PDF]
Morgan CJ, Schafer G, Freeman TP, Curran HV. ÈÆÁ¦ ´ë¸¶ÃÊÀÇ ±Þ¼º ±â¾ï ¹× Á¤½ÅºÐ¿­ È¿°ú¿¡ ´ëÇÑ Ä­³ªºñµð¿ÃÀÇ ¿µÇâ: ÀÚ¿¬ÁÖÀÇ ¿¬±¸: ÀÚ¿¬ÁÖÀÇ ¿¬±¸. Br J Á¤½Å°ú. 2010;197(4):285-90. [PDF]
ÆĽ¼½º LH, Çãµå YL. º¸»ó ¹× Áßµ¶¿¡¼­ÀÇ Endocannabinoid ½ÅÈ£. Nat Rev Neurosci. 2015;16(10):579-94. PDF
Zlebnik NE, ÀÀ¿ø JF. CB1 ¼ö¿ëü ³Ê¸Ó: CannabidiolÀÌ µ¿±â Àå¾Ö¿¡ ´ëÇÑ ÇØ´äÀԴϱî?. Annu Rev Neurosci. 2016;39:1-17. PDF

The Effects of CBD on Fear, Anxiety, and a Healthy Stress Response
Sponsored Article
Published on February 29, 2016 ¡¤ Last updated July 28, 2020
(CSA-Printstock/iStock)

This article is sponsored by PlusCBD Oil, a product line from CV Sciences (formerly CannaVest). CV Sciences is one of the leading suppliers and manufacturers of agricultural hemp-derived CBD bulk and finished products.

Phytocannabinoids like cannabidiol (CBD) are a subclass of cannabinoids derived from plants, typically hemp. In the 1800s, hemp plants were widely cultivated as a fiber source and food in the form of seed oil. Even George Washington grew hemp on his farm in Mount Vernon. Today, worldwide uses of hemp encompass hundreds of consumer products, including ropes, fabrics, paper, plastics and construction materials, and even serve as a source of protein. These same hemp plants are also the major source of commercial CBD extracts, which today are being used to attenuate fear and anxiety and promote a healthy stress response.

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ÀÌ ±â»ç´Â CV Sciences(±¸ CannaVest)ÀÇ Á¦Ç°±ºÀÎ PlusCBD OilÀÇ ÈÄ¿øÀ» ¹Þ¾Ò½À´Ï´Ù. CV Sciences´Â ³ó¾÷¿ë ´ë¸¶ À¯·¡ CBD ¹úÅ© ¹× ¿ÏÁ¦Ç°ÀÇ ÁÖ¿ä °ø±Þ¾÷ü ¹× Á¦Á¶¾÷ü Áß ÇϳªÀÔ´Ï´Ù.

Ä­³ªºñµð¿Ã(CBD)°ú °°Àº ½Ä¹°¼º Ä­³ªºñ³ëÀ̵å´Â ½Ä¹°, ÀϹÝÀûÀ¸·Î ´ë¸¶¿¡¼­ ÃßÃâÇÑ Ä­³ªºñ³ëÀ̵åÀÇ ÇÏÀ§ Ŭ·¡½ºÀÔ´Ï´Ù. 1800³â´ë¿¡ ´ë¸¶ ½Ä¹°Àº Á¾ÀÚÀ¯ ÇüÅÂÀÇ ¼¶À¯ °ø±Þ¿ø ¹× ½ÄÇ°À¸·Î ³Î¸® Àç¹èµÇ¾ú½À´Ï´Ù. Á¶Áö ¿ö½ÌÅϵµ ¸¶¿îÆ® ¹ö³í¿¡ ÀÖ´Â ³óÀå¿¡¼­ ´ë¸¶¸¦ Àç¹èÇß½À´Ï´Ù. ¿À´Ã³¯ Àü ¼¼°èÀûÀ¸·Î »ç¿ëµÇ´Â ´ë¸¶´Â ·ÎÇÁ, Á÷¹°, Á¾ÀÌ, Çöó½ºÆ½ ¹× °ÇÃà ÀÚÀ縦 Æ÷ÇÔÇÑ ¼ö¹é °¡Áö ¼ÒºñÀ縦 Æ÷ÇÔÇÏ¸ç ½ÉÁö¾î ´Ü¹éÁú °ø±Þ¿øÀ¸·Îµµ »ç¿ëµË´Ï´Ù. ÀÌ µ¿ÀÏÇÑ ´ë¸¶ ½Ä¹°Àº ¶ÇÇÑ ¿À´Ã³¯ µÎ·Á¿ò°ú ºÒ¾ÈÀ» ¾àÈ­½ÃÅ°°í °Ç°­ÇÑ ½ºÆ®·¹½º ¹ÝÀÀÀ» ÃËÁøÇÏ´Â µ¥ »ç¿ëµÇ´Â »ó¾÷¿ë CBD ÃßÃâ¹°ÀÇ ÁÖ¿ä °ø±Þ¿øÀÔ´Ï´Ù.

How Cannabinoid Receptors Control Stress Response

Cannabinoid receptors (CB1, CB2, TRPV1, GP55 and others) and the biochemical machinery necessary to synthesize and generate cannabinoids are present within areas of the brain known to control emotional behavior, mood, sleep, stress, irritability, fear and even the sensation of ¡°craving.¡± These structures include the prefrontal cortex, amygdala, hippocampus, nucleus accumbens, and periaqueductal gray (PAG) of the midbrain. Several lines of evidence in mice and other animals have clearly demonstrated that activation of cannabinoid receptors within the brain lowers heart rate and blood pressure responses to stress and reduces panic and anxiety behavior. Put simply, hemp-derived CBD administration appears to attenuate the well-known ¡°fight or flight¡± phenomenon to physical and mental stress. Other studies using similar models in animals have shown that CBD administration decreases fear-avoidant and conditioned responses to pain or punishment.

Is Your Endocannabinoid System in Balance?

In humans, one of the earliest studies to document the beneficial effects of CBD on anxiety was published in 1982 (1). Using a double-blind, cross-over design where each subject served as their own control, eight healthy volunteers were given either 0.5 mg/kg tetrahydrocannabinol (THC), 1 mg/kg CBD, a mixture containing 0.5 mg/kg THC and 1 mg/kg CBD, or diazepam (Valium) as a control. The results showed that CBD blocked the anxiety promoted by THC, indicating antagonism between the two cannabinoids.
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In another study using a simulated public speaking test to induce stress, a 300-milligram dose of CBD reduced symptoms of self-rated anxiety (2). Follow-up studies have confirmed and extended these results by reporting significant decreases in cognitive impairment and speech performance in subjects submitted to anxiety induced by several different procedures.

5 Promising Studies That Explore How Cannabinoids Interact with the Human Body
Mapping CBD¡¯s Neurological Effects

Other more elegant studies have used single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) and functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) to examine changes in regional blood flow and neural correlates of brain activity in response to CBD administration (3,4). Results from these studies, using doses of between 400 and 600 milligrams of CBD, indicate increases in brain activity in the left parahippocampal gyrus and decreases in the left amygdala-hippocampus complex, along with attenuated responses during the recognition of fearful facial expressions in the amygdala and the anterior cingulate. Collectively, these patterns of SPECT and fMRI results are consistent with effects on alleviating anxiety, irritability, fear and stress responses from hemp-derived CBD administration.

Interestingly, a case report was published by Shannon S et al. in the journal Integrative Medicine, on hemp-derived CBD oil for decreasing the habitual use of marijuana (5). This case describes the gradual decrease in anxiety (as measured by HAM-A: Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale) and feelings of stress and irritability from the marijuana non-use, while maintaining normal sleep quality. According to the authors, the use of hemp-derived CBD oil helped in transitioning this patient away from habitual marijuana use while avoiding negative stress responses. The neuronal circuits within the brain that control many of these behaviors and emotions appear to be positively modulated by CBD.

Given the ongoing, emerging human clinical data supporting the use of a hemp-derived CBD-rich extracts for modulating fear, anxiety and a healthy stress response, it looks like good old George Washington was a bona fide hemp pioneer.

Ä­³ªºñ³ëÀÌµå ¼ö¿ëü°¡ ½ºÆ®·¹½º ¹ÝÀÀÀ» Á¶ÀýÇÏ´Â ¹æ¹ý

Ä­³ªºñ³ëÀÌµå ¼ö¿ëü(CB1, CB2, TRPV1, GP55 ¹× ±âŸ)¿Í Ä­³ªºñ³ëÀ̵带 ÇÕ¼ºÇÏ°í »ý¼ºÇÏ´Â µ¥ ÇÊ¿äÇÑ »ýÈ­ÇÐÀû ±â°è´Â °¨Á¤Àû Çൿ, ±âºÐ, ¼ö¸é, ½ºÆ®·¹½º, °ú¹Î¼º, °øÆ÷ ¹× ½ÉÁö¾î °¨°¢À» Á¶ÀýÇÏ´Â °ÍÀ¸·Î ¾Ë·ÁÁø ³ú ¿µ¿ª ³»¿¡ Á¸ÀçÇÕ´Ï´Ù. "°¥¸Á." ÀÌ·¯ÇÑ ±¸Á¶¿¡´Â Áß³úÀÇ ÀüÀüµÎ¿± ÇÇÁú, ÆíµµÃ¼, Çظ¶, ÃøÁÂÇÙ ¹× ¼öµµ°üÁÖÀ§ ȸ»ö(PAG)ÀÌ Æ÷ÇԵ˴ϴÙ. Áã¿Í ´Ù¸¥ µ¿¹°¿¡ ´ëÇÑ ¸î °¡Áö Áõ°Å´Â ³ú ³» Ä­³ªºñ³ëÀÌµå ¼ö¿ëüÀÇ È°¼ºÈ­°¡ ½ºÆ®·¹½º¿¡ ´ëÇÑ ½É¹Ú¼ö¿Í Ç÷¾Ð ¹ÝÀÀÀ» ³·Ãß°í °øȲ ¹× ºÒ¾È ÇൿÀ» °¨¼Ò½ÃŲ´Ù´Â °ÍÀ» ºÐ¸íÈ÷ º¸¿©ÁÖ¾ú½À´Ï´Ù. °£´ÜÈ÷ ¸»Çؼ­, ´ë¸¶ À¯·¡ CBD Åõ¿©´Â ½ÅüÀû, Á¤½ÅÀû ½ºÆ®·¹½º¿¡ ´ëÇÑ Àß ¾Ë·ÁÁø "ÅõÀï ¶Ç´Â µµÇÇ" Çö»óÀ» ¾àÈ­½ÃÅ°´Â °ÍÀ¸·Î º¸ÀÔ´Ï´Ù. µ¿¹°¿¡¼­ À¯»çÇÑ ¸ðµ¨À» »ç¿ëÇÏ´Â ´Ù¸¥ ¿¬±¸¿¡¼­´Â CBD Åõ¿©°¡ ÅëÁõÀ̳ª ó¹ú¿¡ ´ëÇÑ °øÆ÷ ȸÇÇ ¹× Á¶°Ç ¹ÝÀÀÀ» °¨¼Ò½ÃÅ°´Â °ÍÀ¸·Î ³ªÅ¸³µ½À´Ï´Ù.

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The ¡®Most Powerful¡¯ Relief Chew In America Is Now Legal In Texas And Only Available Online

Clinical-strength relief chew is now legal in Texas without a doctor's signature. Drug companies want it banned because it alleviates the symptoms of arthritis, joint pain, anxiety, fatigue, inflammation and dozens of other ailments they profit from. Read on to find out if you qualify for this risk-free distribution.

By Laura Turner
Associated Health Press
Updated October, 2022

More than 250,000 Americans count on this one-a-day chew for discomfort relief, but will it last?

As drug prices continue to skyrocket, pharmaceutical companies continue to be more greed-fueled than ever.

According to the healthcare firm GoodRx, the prices of 434 brand-name drugs and eight generic medicines were increased by an average of 5.2% and 4.2%, respectively, beginning on January 1, 2022.

Now they are taking aim at company who has developed a next-generation relief chew that is sweeping America and featured on USA Today, FOX News, Digital Journal and more than 250 different news channels.

Drug-makers say this new product is cutting into sales because new users who live in qualifying Texas counties are getting a risk-free distribution. Each household can claim up to two free bottles online.

Another reason why drug companies want this banned is because "it's powerful so it should not be available without a doctor's signature"...

In fact, a recent report proves how powerful this pain relief chew actually is.

An independent survey reveals that 75% of users say this is ¡°more effective¡± than drug company name brands.

But because it leverages three potent all-natural ingredients, it may be hard for Big Pharma to get it banned.

In a recent interview with CEO, John Ray, he was all smiles about the threats and said...
***
"It's taken us more than five years of research, testing and development to finally offer a natural, safe, and proven product like this that alleviates ailments so many Americans suffer from. And for the first time, it's available without a prescription. We even give customers a double your money back guarantee so you can place orders with complete confidence that our products will work for you. We'll continue to fight tooth-and-nail to keep offering this breakthrough relief chew to everyone in need."
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It's hard to say how long this may be available. But one thing is for sure, Americans love this new relief chew... and you're about to find out why.

So what is this revolutionary product that's changing lives?

Introducing...
Apetropics™ One Chews

Each Apetropics One Chew contains large doses (425mg) of Panoramic Broad Spectrum CBD or Cannabidiol, Organic Lion's Mane, and Organic Cordyceps.

And it comes with new delivery technology that's proven to absorb up to 450% more relief molecules into the cells.

Making these powerful organic chews effective on the most agonizing joint pain, inflammation, muscle aches, fatigue, anxiety, brain fog, and dozens of ailments.

Because Apetropics One Chews are derived from organic ingredients and DO NOT CONTAIN THC, they're legal and available online now.

Apetropics wants as many Americans as possible to experience their breakthrough relief chew and spread the word to friends and family! So, for a limited time, they're giving away up to Two Free Bottles on all eligible orders while supplies last...

Meet Julie

Julie Stephens, a 67 year old grandmother from Lancaster California was one of the first users of Apetropics One Chews.

¹Ì±¹¿¡¼­ '°¡Àå °­·ÂÇÑ' ¸±¸®ÇÁ Ãò´Â ÀÌÁ¦ Åػ罺¿¡¼­ ÇÕ¹ýÀÌ¸ç ¿Â¶óÀο¡¼­¸¸ »ç¿ëÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù. Åػ罺¿¡¼­´Â ÀÌÁ¦ ÀÇ»çÀÇ ¼­¸í ¾øÀÌ ÀÓ»ó °­µµÀÇ ±¸È£ ¾Ã´Â °ÍÀÌ ÇÕ¹ýÈ­µÇ¾ú½À´Ï´Ù. Á¦¾à ȸ»ç´Â °üÀý¿°, °üÀý ÅëÁõ, ºÒ¾È, ÇÇ·Î, ¿°Áõ ¹× ±âŸ ¼ö½Ê °¡Áö Áúº´ÀÇ Áõ»óÀ» ¿ÏÈ­Çϱ⠶§¹®¿¡ ±ÝÁöµÇ±â¸¦ ¿øÇÕ´Ï´Ù. ÀÌ ¹«À§Çè ¹èÆ÷¿¡ ´ëÇÑ ÀÚ°ÝÀÌ ÀÖ´ÂÁö ¾Ë¾Æº¸½Ê½Ã¿À. ·Î¶ó ÅÍ³Ê Associated Health Press 2022³â 10¿ù ¾÷µ¥ÀÌÆ® 250,000¸í ÀÌ»óÀÇ ¹Ì±¹ÀÎÀÌ ÀÌ 1ÀÏ ¾Ã´Â °ÍÀ» ºÒÆíÇÔ ¿ÏÈ­¿¡ »ç¿ëÇÏ°í ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù. ÇÏÁö¸¸ °è¼ÓµÉ±î¿ä? ¾à°ªÀÌ °è¼Ó Ä¡¼ÚÀ¸¸é¼­ Á¦¾àȸ»çµéÀº ±× ¾î´À ¶§º¸´Ù Ž¿å¿¡ ºÎÇ®¾î ÀÖ´Ù. ÇコÄɾî¾÷ü ±Â¾Ë¿¢½º(GoodRx)¿¡ µû¸£¸é 2022³â 1¿ù 1ÀϺÎÅÍ ºê·£µå ¾à 434°³, Á¦³×¸¯ 8°³ Ç°¸ñÀÇ °¡°ÝÀÌ °¢°¢ Æò±Õ ​​5.2%, 4.2% ÀλóµÆ´Ù. ÀÌÁ¦ ±×µéÀº ¹Ì±¹À» ÈÛ¾µ°í USA Åõµ¥ÀÌ, FOX ´º½º, µðÁöÅÐ Àú³Î ¹× 250°³ ÀÌ»óÀÇ ´Ù¾çÇÑ ´º½º ä³Î¿¡ ½Ç¸®´Â Â÷¼¼´ë ±¸È£ ¾Ã´Â Á¦Ç°À» °³¹ßÇÑ È¸»ç¸¦ ¸ñÇ¥·Î »ï°í ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù. Á¦¾à ȸ»ç´Â ÀÚ°ÝÀ» °®Ãá Åػ罺 Ä«¿îƼ¿¡ °ÅÁÖÇÏ´Â ½Å±Ô »ç¿ëÀÚ°¡ À§Çè ¾øÀÌ À¯ÅëµÇ±â ¶§¹®¿¡ ÀÌ ½ÅÁ¦Ç°ÀÌ ÆǸŸ¦ ÁÙÀÌ°í ÀÖ´Ù°í ¸»ÇÕ´Ï´Ù. °¢ °¡Á¤Àº ¿Â¶óÀÎÀ¸·Î ÃÖ´ë 2°³ÀÇ ¹«·á º´À» û±¸ÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù. Á¦¾àȸ»ç°¡ À̸¦ ±ÝÁöÇÏ·Á´Â ¶Ç ´Ù¸¥ ÀÌÀ¯´Â "°­·ÂÇؼ­ ÀÇ»çÀÇ ¼­¸í ¾øÀÌ´Â »ç¿ëÇÒ ¼ö ¾ø¾î¾ß ÇÑ´Ù"´Â µ¥¡¦ »ç½Ç, ÃÖ±Ù º¸°í¼­´Â ÀÌ ÅëÁõ ¿ÏÈ­ ¾Ã´Â °ÍÀÌ ½ÇÁ¦·Î ¾ó¸¶³ª °­·ÂÇÑÁö¸¦ Áõ¸íÇÕ´Ï´Ù. µ¶¸³ÀûÀÎ ¼³¹® Á¶»ç¿¡ µû¸£¸é »ç¿ëÀÚÀÇ 75%´Â ÀÌ°ÍÀÌ Á¦¾à ȸ»çÀÇ À¯¸í ºê·£µåº¸´Ù "´õ È¿°úÀû"À̶ó°í ¸»ÇÕ´Ï´Ù. ±×·¯³ª ¼¼ °¡Áö °­·ÂÇÑ Ãµ¿¬ ¼ººÐÀ» È°¿ëÇϱ⠶§¹®¿¡ Big Pharma°¡ ±ÝÁöÇϱ⠾î·Á¿ï ¼ö ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù. CEOÀÎ John Ray¿ÍÀÇ ÃÖ±Ù ÀÎÅͺ信¼­ ±×´Â À§Çù¿¡ ´ëÇØ ¹Ì¼Ò¸¦ ÁöÀ¸¸ç ¸»Çß½À´Ï´Ù. *** "¸¹Àº ¹Ì±¹ÀεéÀÌ °Þ°í ÀÖ´Â Áúº´À» ¿ÏÈ­ÇÏ´Â ÀÌ¿Í °°Àº ÀÚ¿¬½º·´°í ¾ÈÀüÇϸç ÀÔÁõµÈ Á¦Ç°À» ¸¶Ä§³» Á¦°øÇϱâ±îÁö 5³â ÀÌ»óÀÇ ¿¬±¸, Å×½ºÆ® ¹× °³¹ßÀÌ ÇÊ¿äÇß½À´Ï´Ù. ±×¸®°í óÀ½À¸·Î ó¹æÀü ¾øÀÌ ±¸ÀÔÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù. ½ÉÁö¾î "°í°´¿¡°Ô µÎ ¹èÀÇ È¯ºÒ º¸ÀåÀ» Á¦°øÇÏ¿© ¿ì¸® Á¦Ç°ÀÌ ±ÍÇÏ¿¡°Ô È¿°ú°¡ ÀÖ´Ù´Â ¿ÏÀüÇÑ È®½ÅÀ» °®°í ÁÖ¹®ÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù. ¿ì¸®´Â µµ¿òÀÌ ÇÊ¿äÇÑ ¸ðµç »ç¶÷¿¡°Ô ÀÌ È¹±âÀûÀÎ ±¸Á¦ ¾Ã´Â °ÍÀ» °è¼Ó Á¦°øÇϱâ À§ÇØ °è¼ÓÇؼ­ ½Î¿ï °ÍÀÔ´Ï´Ù." *** ¾ó¸¶³ª ¿À·¡ »ç¿ëÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ´ÂÁö ¸»Çϱâ´Â ¾î·Æ½À´Ï´Ù. ÇÏÁö¸¸ ÇÑ °¡Áö È®½ÇÇÑ Á¡Àº ¹Ì±¹ÀεéÀÌ ÀÌ »õ·Î¿î ¾È½É ¾Ã´Â À½½ÄÀ» ÁÁ¾ÆÇÑ´Ù´Â °ÍÀÔ´Ï´Ù. ÀÌÁ¦ °ð ±× ÀÌÀ¯¸¦ ¾Ë°Ô µÉ °ÍÀÔ´Ï´Ù. ±×·¸´Ù¸é »îÀ» º¯È­½ÃÅ°´Â ÀÌ Çõ½ÅÀûÀÎ Á¦Ç°Àº ¹«¾ùÀϱî¿ä? ¼Ò°³... Apetropics™ ¿ø Ãò °¢ Apetropics One Chew¿¡´Â Panoramic Broad Spectrum CBD ¶Ç´Â Cannabidiol, À¯±â »çÀÚ °¥±â ¹× À¯±â µ¿ÃæÇÏÃÊÀÇ ´ë¿ë·®(425mg)ÀÌ Æ÷ÇԵǾî ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù. ¶ÇÇÑ ÃÖ´ë 450% ´õ ¸¹Àº ±¸È£ ºÐÀÚ¸¦ ¼¼Æ÷·Î Èí¼öÇÏ´Â °ÍÀ¸·Î ÀÔÁõµÈ »õ·Î¿î Àü´Þ ±â¼úÀÌ ÇÔ²² Á¦°øµË´Ï´Ù. ÀÌ °­·ÂÇÑ À¯±â³ó ¾Ã´Â °ÍÀ» °¡Àå °íÅ뽺·¯¿î °üÀý ÅëÁõ, ¿°Áõ, ±ÙÀ°Åë, ÇÇ·Î, ºÒ¾È, ³ú¾È°³ ¹× ¼ö½Ê °¡Áö Áúº´¿¡ È¿°úÀûÀÔ´Ï´Ù. Apetropics One Chews´Â À¯±â³ó Àç·á¿¡¼­ ÃßÃâÇÏ°í THC¸¦ Æ÷ÇÔÇÏÁö ¾Ê±â ¶§¹®¿¡ ÇÕ¹ýÀûÀ̸ç ÇöÀç ¿Â¶óÀο¡¼­ ±¸ÀÔÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù. Apetropics´Â °¡´ÉÇÑ ÇÑ ¸¹Àº ¹Ì±¹ÀÎÀÌ È¹±âÀûÀÎ ¸±¸®ÇÁ ¾Ã±â¸¦ °æÇèÇÏ°í Ä£±¸¿Í °¡Á·¿¡°Ô ¼Ò¹®À» Æ۶߸®±â¸¦ ¿øÇÕ´Ï´Ù! µû¶ó¼­ Á¦ÇÑµÈ ½Ã°£ µ¿¾È ¸ðµç Àû°Ý ÁÖ¹®¿¡ ´ëÇØ °ø±ÞÀÌ ¼ÒÁøµÇ´Â µ¿¾È ÃÖ´ë 2°³ÀÇ ¹«·á º´À» ÁõÁ¤ÇÕ´Ï´Ù... ÁÙ¸®¸¦ ¸¸³ª´Ù Lancaster California Ãâ½ÅÀÇ 67¼¼ ÇÒ¸Ó´Ï Julie Stephens´Â Apetropics One ChewsÀÇ Ã¹ ¹ø° »ç¿ëÀÚ Áß ÇÑ ¸íÀ̾ú½À´Ï´Ù.

¡° I bought my first 3 bottles of Apetropics on a whim and so I could also share with my brother and sister. And guess what we all love them!!

All of us suffer from joint pain, mainly because we are ages 60 and up. They help all of us in one way or another, but besides providing relief for our aches, we are all in the best moods and very happy with your product. I never really had any hopes for such great relief, but I recommend these to anyone with joint pain. They should be giving these out in Senior Care homes, everyone would be in a jolly mood then!¡±
Julie A Stephens
Lancaster, CA. 93535

¡° óÀ½À¸·Î ¾ÆÆäÆ®·ÎÇÈ 3º´À» Ã浿ÀûÀ¸·Î »ò°í ÇüÁ¦ Àڸſ͵µ ³ª´²¸ÔÀ» ¼ö ÀÖ¾ú½À´Ï´Ù. ±×¸®°í ¿ì¸® ¸ðµÎ°¡ ±×µéÀ» »ç¶ûÇÏ´ÂÁö ¸ÂÃ纸¼¼¿ä!!

¿ì¸® ¸ðµÎ´Â ÁÖ·Î 60¼¼ ÀÌ»óÀ̶ó´Â ÀÌÀ¯·Î °üÀýÅëÀ¸·Î °íÅë ¹Þ°í ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù. ±×µéÀº ¾î¶² ½Ä À¸·Îµç ¿ì¸® ¸ðµÎ¸¦ µ½Áö¸¸ °íÅëÀ» ´ú¾îÁÖ´Â °Í ¿Ü¿¡µµ ¿ì¸® ¸ðµÎ´Â ÃÖ°íÀÇ ±âºÐÀ» °¡Áö°í ÀÖÀ¸¸ç ±ÍÇÏÀÇ Á¦Ç°¿¡ ¸Å¿ì ¸¸Á·ÇÕ´Ï´Ù. ³ª´Â ±×·± Å« ¿ÏÈ­¿¡ ´ëÇÑ Èñ¸ÁÀÌ ¾ø¾úÁö¸¸ °üÀý ÅëÁõÀÌ ÀÖ´Â »ç¶÷¿¡°Ô ÀÌ°ÍÀ» ÃßõÇÕ´Ï´Ù. ³ëÀÎ ¿ä¾ç¿ø¿¡¼­ ÀÌ°ÍÀ» ³ª´©¾î¾ß ÇÕ´Ï´Ù. ±×·¯¸é ¸ðµÎ°¡ ±âºÐÀÌ ÁÁÀ» °ÍÀÔ´Ï´Ù!¡±
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Apetropics One Chews combine these safe and proven organic ingredients into one delicious fruit chew with a superior delivery system... for unmatched user results that are 100% guaranteed...

❌ Endocannabinoid system burn-out - these are network of receptors in the cells. In response to toxins in our body, it releases cannabinoids to set things back to their natural state. Over time, with aging, the endocannabinoid system eventually burns out. Fewer cannabinoids are released, so the body¡¯s levels deplete. The result is, all sorts of age-related ailments.

✅ And that's why Apetropics One Chews contain potent doses of Panoramic Broad Spectrum CBD or cannabidiol -- to restore the body's endocannabinoid system and relieve painful, inflamed joints, headaches, menstrual pain, sore muscles, cramps, stress and more.


The Missing ¡°Ingredients¡± for Optimal Health in People Over 40

In addition to being one of the most potent CBD products on the market, with a superior delivery system and cannabinoid profile, they also add these two unique organic ingredients to alleviate inflammation, pain, distress, brain fog, fatigue and dozens of age-related ailments...

Apetropics One Chews´Â ÀÌ·¯ÇÑ ¾ÈÀüÇÏ°í ÀÔÁõµÈ À¯±â³ó Àç·á¸¦ ¿ì¼öÇÑ Àü´Þ ½Ã½ºÅÛ°ú ÇÔ²² ÇϳªÀÇ ¸ÀÀÖ´Â °úÀÏ Ãò¿¡ °áÇÕÇÏ¿© 100% º¸ÀåµÇ´Â ŸÀÇ ÃßÁ¾À» ºÒÇãÇÏ´Â »ç¿ëÀÚ °á°ú¸¦ Á¦°øÇÕ´Ï´Ù...

❌ ¿£µµÄ«³ªºñ³ëÀÌµå ½Ã½ºÅÛ ¼ÒÁø - ¼¼Æ÷ÀÇ ¼ö¿ëü ³×Æ®¿öÅ©ÀÔ´Ï´Ù. ¿ì¸® ¸öÀÇ µ¶¼Ò¿¡ ¹ÝÀÀÇÏ¿© Ä­³ªºñ³ëÀ̵带 ¹æÃâÇÏ¿© »ç¹°À» ÀÚ¿¬ »óÅ·ΠµÇµ¹¸³´Ï´Ù. ½Ã°£ÀÌ Áö³²¿¡ µû¶ó ³ëÈ­¿Í ÇÔ²² ü³»Ä­³ªºñ³ëÀÌµå ½Ã½ºÅÛÀº °á±¹ ¼ÒÁøµË´Ï´Ù. ´õ ÀûÀº ¼öÀÇ Ä­³ªºñ³ëÀ̵尡 ¹æÃâµÇ¹Ç·Î ½ÅüÀÇ ¼öÄ¡°¡ °í°¥µË´Ï´Ù. ±× °á°ú ¸ðµç Á¾·ùÀÇ ³ëÈ­ °ü·Ã Áúº´ÀÌ ¹ß»ýÇÕ´Ï´Ù.

✅ ÀÌ°ÍÀÌ ¹Ù·Î Apetropics One Chews¿¡ Panoramic Broad Spectrum CBD ¶Ç´Â cannabidiolÀÇ °­·ÂÇÑ ¿ë·®À» Æ÷ÇÔÇÏ´Â ÀÌÀ¯ÀÔ´Ï´Ù. ½ÅüÀÇ ¿£µµÄ­³ªºñ³ëÀÌµå ½Ã½ºÅÛÀ» ȸº¹ÇÏ°í °íÅ뽺·´°í ¿°ÁõÀÌ ÀÖ´Â °üÀý, µÎÅë, ¿ù°æÅë, ±ÙÀ°Åë, °æ·Ã, ½ºÆ®·¹½º µîÀ» ¿ÏÈ­ÇÕ´Ï´Ù.


40¼¼ ÀÌ»óÀÇ »ç¶÷µé¿¡°Ô ÃÖÀûÀÇ °Ç°­À» À§ÇÑ ´©¶ôµÈ "¼ººÐ"

¿ì¼öÇÑ Àü´Þ ½Ã½ºÅÛ°ú Ä«³ªºñ³ëÀ̵å ÇÁ·ÎÇÊÀ» °®Ãá ½ÃÀå¿¡¼­ °¡Àå °­·ÂÇÑ CBD Á¦Ç° Áß ÇϳªÀÏ »Ó¸¸ ¾Æ´Ï¶ó ¿°Áõ, ÅëÁõ, °íÅë, ³ú¾È°³, ÇÇ·Î ¹× ¼ö½Ê °¡Áö ³ëÈ­ °ü·Ã Áõ»óÀ» ¿ÏÈ­Çϱâ À§ÇØ ÀÌ µÎ °¡Áö °íÀ¯ÇÑ À¯±â ¼ººÐÀ» Ãß°¡ÇÕ´Ï´Ù. Áúº´...

❌ Nerve damage in the brain - this can occur for a number of reasons. A few common ones are alcohol or drug abuse, poorly controlled diabetes or high blood pressure, head injuries, infections, strokes, and brain tumors. As you age, it's inevitable...

✅ And that's why One Chews contain the optimal serving of Organic Lion's Mane Mushroom that rejuvenates the brain. Lion's Mane stimulates enzyme production that release Nerve Growth Factor (NGF). Nerve regeneration helps relieve cognitive decline while easing mild symptoms of anxiety, sadness and stress... plus it sharpens memory, focus, and mental acuity.

❌ Energy and immunity breakdown - as we age, the immune system weakens. It is also a known fact that lack of energy, tiredness and daily fatigue become a problem as we get older.

✅ And that's why Apetropics One Chews are packed with Organic Cordyceps medicinal mushrooms. This natural elixir can help boost immune response to soothe inflammation and keep you healthy while improving the body's energy levels.


America Loves Apetropics.
Here's What Folks Are Saying...

¡°Hi Marie here and was told about APETROPICS from a dear friend. I am totally AMAZED by this product!! I got the STRAWBERRY BANANA ONE CHEWS CBD + Lion's Mane +Cordyceps . An Amazing product for daily pain. I am type 1 diabetic and have issues eating the older I get and this product is amazing for helping with that also. It just really makes you feel HUMAN again LOVE LOVE IT!
Thanks so much for this Product¡±
- Marie Fabila

¡°I¡¯ve tried more than 50 CBD products and this is WAY BETTER! I have bad joint pains, sore muscles and feel tired, especially in the afternoon. I ordered Apetropics One Chews. It's been three weeks now and they are my all-time favorite product! Better moods.. even after yelling at kids all day. My throbbing knee doesn't bother me anymore. My focus is better and mind is much clearer. I also love the energy boost I get!! AMAZING PRODUCT!¡±
- Jason Masterson.

¡°For years I have suffered mentally and physically. Apetropics One Chews changed all that. They have done a miracle for me. I just take my one chews and I feel better than I have in years. Thank you Apetropics!¡±
- Janis E.

¡°I have tried everything. I have severe joint pain. I have a knee. That is so swollen. Apetropics One Chews came yesterday. And I took one. And then I took the second one. The latter part of the day and they do help. I was surprised. Maybe I won't have to walk with a cane all the time. I will keep using it. I have been told by different people that one or two days is not enough... I am more than pleased.¡±
- Jeanne B.

¡°I bought the Apetropics brand and they have worked for me. I have extensive joint pain...every joint in my body except my left elbow according to x-rays. Today was an exceptionally bad pain day. These Gummies seem to work best for me. ¡±
- Norma C.

¡°My grandma saw an ad for Apetropics and wanted to order some. I was skeptical at first, but after only two days it¡¯s very obvious that they help her. She suffers from daily pain, headaches, and it keeps her restless at night. The red ones have helped her be in less pain and she hasn¡¯t had a headache. The pink ones have allowed her to sleep through the night. Often brands claim all this stuff and it doesn¡¯t do any of it. Apetropics is the real deal. Thank you for helping my grandma feel better. 10/10 would recommend.¡±
- Ally Ward


DOUBLE
Your Money Back Guarantee

Apetropics works for almost everyone.

And that's why Apetropics is the only company that puts their money where their mouth is to prove it to you.

Use Apetropics One Chews exactly as directed and you'll see a huge improvement in your physical and mental health. And if for any reason, or no reason at all, you're not happy, they will issue a double your money back refund.

❌ ³úÀÇ ½Å°æ ¼Õ»ó - ​​ÀÌ°ÍÀº ¿©·¯ °¡Áö ÀÌÀ¯·Î ¹ß»ýÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù. ¸î °¡Áö ÀϹÝÀûÀÎ °ÍµéÀº ¾ËÄÚ¿Ã ¶Ç´Â ¾à¹° ³²¿ë, Àß Á¶ÀýµÇÁö ¾Ê´Â ´ç´¢º´ ¶Ç´Â °íÇ÷¾Ð, µÎºÎ ¼Õ»ó, °¨¿°, ³úÁ¹Áß ¹× ³úÁ¾¾çÀÔ´Ï´Ù. ³ªÀ̵é¸é ¾î¿ ¼ö ¾øÀÌ...

✅ ÀÌ°ÍÀÌ ¹Ù·Î One Chews¿¡ µÎ³ú¸¦ Àþ¾îÁö°Ô ÇÏ´Â À¯±â³ó »çÀÚ °¥±â ¹ö¼¸À» ÃÖÀûÀ¸·Î Á¦°øÇÏ´Â ÀÌÀ¯ÀÔ´Ï´Ù. »çÀÚ °¥±â´Â ½Å°æ ¼ºÀå ÀÎÀÚ(NGF)¸¦ ¹æÃâÇÏ´Â È¿¼Ò »ý»êÀ» ÀÚ±ØÇÕ´Ï´Ù. ½Å°æ Àç»ýÀº ÀÎÁö ¼èÅ𸦠¿ÏÈ­ÇÏ´Â µ¿½Ã¿¡ ºÒ¾È, ½½ÇÄ ¹× ½ºÆ®·¹½ºÀÇ °æ¹ÌÇÑ Áõ»óÀ» ¿ÏÈ­ÇÏ´Â µ¥ µµ¿òÀÌ µË´Ï´Ù. ¶ÇÇÑ ±â¾ï·Â, ÁýÁß·Â ¹× Á¤½Å·ÂÀ» ³¯Ä«·Ó°Ô ÇÕ´Ï´Ù.

❌ ¿¡³ÊÁö¿Í ¸é¿ª·Â ÀúÇÏ - ³ªÀÌ°¡ µé¾î°¨¿¡ µû¶ó ¸é¿ª ü°è°¡ ¾àÇØÁý´Ï´Ù. ³ªÀÌ°¡ µé¼ö·Ï ±â·Â ºÎÁ·, ÇÇ·Î, ÀÏ»óÀÇ ÇǷΰ¡ ¹®Á¦°¡ µÈ´Ù´Â °Íµµ ¾Ë·ÁÁø »ç½ÇÀÔ´Ï´Ù.

✅ ±×·¡¼­ Apetropics One Chews´Â À¯±â³ó µ¿ÃæÇÏÃÊ ¾à¿ë ¹ö¼¸À¸·Î Æ÷ÀåµÇ¾î ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù. ÀÌ Ãµ¿¬ ¿¤¸¯¼­´Â ¸é¿ª ¹ÝÀÀÀ» Çâ»ó½ÃÄÑ ¿°ÁõÀ» ÁøÁ¤½ÃÅ°°í ½ÅüÀÇ ¿¡³ÊÁö ¼öÁØÀ» Çâ»ó½ÃÅ°¸é¼­ °Ç°­À» À¯ÁöÇÏ´Â µ¥ µµ¿òÀÌ µÉ ¼ö ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù.


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¡°¾È³ç, Marie°¡ ¿©±â ÀÖ°í Ä£¾ÖÇϴ ģ±¸·ÎºÎÅÍ APETROPICS¿¡ ´ëÇØ µé¾ú½À´Ï´Ù. ³ª´Â ÀÌ Á¦Ç°¿¡ ¿ÏÀüÈ÷ ³î¶ú´Ù!! ³ª´Â STRAWBERRY BANANA ONE CHEWS CBD + »çÀÚ°¥±â + µ¿ÃæÇÏÃʸ¦ ¾ò¾ú´Ù. ¸ÅÀÏÀÇ °íÅëÀ» À§ÇÑ ³î¶ó¿î Á¦Ç°. Àú´Â 1Çü ´ç´¢º´ÀÌ°í ³ªÀÌ°¡ µé¸é ¸Ô´Â µ¥ ¹®Á¦°¡ ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù. ÀÌ Á¦Ç°Àº ¶ÇÇÑ ±×°ÍÀ» µ½´Â µ¥ ³î¶ø½À´Ï´Ù. ±×°ÍÀº ´ç½ÅÀÌ Àΰ£À» ´Ù½Ã±Ý ´À³¢°Ô ¸¸µì´Ï´Ù LOVE LOVE IT!
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- ÀÜ B.

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¡°ÇÒ¸Ó´Ï°¡ Apetropics ±¤°í¸¦ º¸°í ÁÖ¹®ÇÏ°í ½Í¾îÇϼ̾î¿ä. óÀ½¿¡´Â ȸÀÇÀûÀ̾úÁö¸¸ ÀÌƲ ¸¸¿¡ ±×³à¸¦ µµ¿ÍÁÖ´Â °ÍÀÌ ¸Å¿ì ºÐ¸íÇØÁ³½À´Ï´Ù. ±×³à´Â ¸ÅÀÏÀÇ °íÅë°ú µÎÅëÀ¸·Î °íÅë ¹Þ°í ÀÖÀ¸¸ç, ¹ã¿¡ ±×³à¸¦ ºÒ¾ÈÇÏ°Ô ¸¸µì´Ï´Ù. »¡°£ °ÍµéÀº ±×³à°¡ ´ú °íÅ뽺·¯¿öÇÏ´Â µ¥ µµ¿òÀÌ µÇ¾ú°í ±×³à´Â µÎÅëÀ» °ÞÁö ¾Ê¾Ò½À´Ï´Ù. ºÐÈ«»öÀº ±×³à°¡ ¹ã»õ ÀáÀ» Àß ¼ö ÀÖ°Ô ÇØÁÖ¾ú½À´Ï´Ù. Á¾Á¾ ºê·£µå´Â ÀÌ ¸ðµç °ÍÀ» ÁÖÀåÇÏÁö¸¸ ¾Æ¹« °Íµµ ÇÏÁö ¾Ê½À´Ï´Ù. Apetropics´Â ÁøÂ¥ °Å·¡ÀÔ´Ï´Ù. ÇÒ¸Ó´ÏÀÇ ±âºÐÀ» ÁÁ°Ô ÇØÁּż­ °¨»çÇÕ´Ï´Ù. 10/10 ÃßõÇÕ´Ï´Ù.¡±
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Apetropics´Â °ÅÀÇ ¸ðµç »ç¶÷¿¡°Ô È¿°ú°¡ ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù.

±×°ÍÀÌ ¹Ù·Î Apetropics°¡ ÀÔÀ¸·Î Áõ¸íÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ´Â °÷¿¡ µ·À» µÎ´Â À¯ÀÏÇÑ È¸»çÀÎ ÀÌÀ¯ÀÔ´Ï´Ù.

Apetropics One Chews¸¦ Áö½ÃµÈ ´ë·Î Á¤È®È÷ »ç¿ëÇÏ¸é ½ÅüÀû, Á¤½ÅÀû °Ç°­ÀÌ Å©°Ô °³¼±µÇ´Â °ÍÀ» º¼ ¼ö ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù. ±×¸®°í ¾î¶² ÀÌÀ¯·Îµç ¶Ç´Â ÀüÇô ÀÌÀ¯ ¾øÀÌ ¸¸Á·ÇÏÁö ¸øÇÏ¸é µÎ ¹èÀÇ È¯ºÒ ±Ý¾×À» Áö±ÞÇÕ´Ï´Ù.

We can only offer a guarantee like this because we know Apetropics works and you're going to love it. We want to take full risk off consumers. So in addition to offering free bottles with select orders + free shipping, we also make them a huge promise that ensures they don't have to risk a cent.¡±

- John Ray, Apetropics CEO

Here's how it works...

Simply return the empty bottles within 120 days. Then, the company will refund your money for having tried the product plus cut you a check for the purchase price for any inconvenience.

Not Yet Sold In Stores

Apetropics One Chews are formulated from organically grown hemp, Lion's Mane, and Cordyceps right here in the U.S.A. from locally owned and operated farms. Now, for the first time it's now available nationwide -- but only online.

However, several major pharmaceutical companies are currently testing the active ingredients in clinical settings, which means, it may require a prescription in the near future.

It's advised to order Apetropics One Chews today directly from the company while you still can.

Where To Find
Apetropics One Chews

Apetropics is on a mission to help as many Americans as possible and spread the word about One Chews. That's why they are offering up to two free bottles on qualifying orders while supplies last.

A secure website has been set up for readers to place orders. This gives everyone an equal chance to try Apetropics One Chews.

All you have to do is go here.

Your free bottle coupon code will be automatically applied. Then enter your details and your Apetropics One Chews will ship in 1-2 days.

IMPORTANT: Due to Apetropics' growing popularity, recent media exposure, and extraordinary offer, this may already be sold out. If so, please leave your details so you can be notified when Apetropics One Chews are back in-stock.

¿ì¸®´Â Apetropics°¡ È¿°ú°¡ ÀÖ°í ´ç½ÅÀÌ ±×°ÍÀ» ÁÁ¾ÆÇÒ °ÍÀ̶ó´Â °ÍÀ» ¾Ë°í Àֱ⠶§¹®¿¡ ÀÌ¿Í °°Àº º¸ÁõÀ» Á¦°øÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù. ¿ì¸®´Â ¼ÒºñÀڷκÎÅÍ ¸ðµç À§ÇèÀ» °¨¼öÇÏ°í ½Í½À´Ï´Ù. µû¶ó¼­ ÀϺΠÁÖ¹® + ¹«·á ¹è¼Û°ú ÇÔ²² ¹«·á º´À» Á¦°øÇÏ´Â °Í ¿Ü¿¡µµ 1¼¾Æ®ÀÇ À§ÇèÀ» °¨¼öÇÒ ÇÊ¿ä°¡ ¾øµµ·Ï ÇÏ´Â Å« ¾à¼Óµµ ÇÕ´Ï´Ù.¡±

- Á¸ ·¹ÀÌ, ¾ÆÆäÆ®·ÎÇȽº CEO

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order Apetropics One Chews today directly

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Apetropics´Â °¡´ÉÇÑ ÇÑ ¸¹Àº ¹Ì±¹ÀÎÀ» µ½°í One Chews¿¡ ´ëÇÑ ¼Ò¹®À» Æ۶߸®´Â ÀÓ¹«¸¦ ¼öÇàÇÏ°í ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù. ±×·¸±â ¶§¹®¿¡ °ø±ÞÀÌ Áö¼ÓµÇ´Â µ¿¾È ÀÚ°ÝÀ» °®Ãá ÁÖ¹®¿¡ ´ëÇØ ÃÖ´ë 2°³ÀÇ ¹«·á º´À» Á¦°øÇÏ°í ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù.

µ¶ÀÚµéÀÌ ÁÖ¹®ÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖµµ·Ï º¸¾È À¥»çÀÌÆ®°¡ ¼³Á¤µÇ¾ú½À´Ï´Ù. ÀÌ°ÍÀº ¸ðµÎ¿¡°Ô Apetropics One Chews¸¦ ½ÃµµÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ´Â µ¿µîÇÑ ±âȸ¸¦ Á¦°øÇÕ´Ï´Ù.

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All you have to do is go here.

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